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fotelectrico and effect theory Borg

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particles that behave like waves.

particles behave like waves.

De Broglie was the question of whether it is possible that the particles have wave properties?

suggested that all _electrones particles, atoms, protons, etc.-have a wavelength related to its momentum according to the equation ...

Length wave = Planck's constant : momentum

The wavelength of a particle of large mass and low speed is too small to be able to detect by conventional means. But a small particle like an electron moving with speed has a wavelength detectable. Is smaller than the wavelength of light, but enough to diffract and cross interference, since a beam of electrons acts as a beam of light.

The typical wavelength of an electron beam is thousands of times smaller than that of light, and can only be detected by electron microscopy.

electron waves

Much more important than the electron diffraction pattern is the de Broglie matter waves in an atom. The atomic model of Niels Bohr, explaining why elements emit light of certain frequencies. The power of e-varies according to the orbits they occupy.

There are several ways of getting a e-access to higher energy levels. Returning to his level of stability emits a photon.

wanted to explain is that in the solar system each planet revolves in orbit at any distance, and conversely in the atom are orbits in which the e-must turn. This was because it was assumed that e-was a particle that orbits around the nucleus.

The reason that the electron can only occupy certain places understood by considering the electron as a particle, but as a wave. According to the theory of de Broglie matter waves, an orbit can exist where the electron OUNTY closes on itself in phase. This will reinforce itself. From this point of view, the electron is not considered as a particle located somewhere in the atom, but as if their mass and charge were spread over a wave around the nucleus. The wavelength of the e-must fit an integral number of times in the orbits.

Fisica conceptual

Paul G.Hewitt

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photoelectric effect

The process by which electrons are released material by the action of radiation and photoelectric effect is called photoelectric emission. Its essential features are:

• for each substance is a minimum frequency or electromagnetic radiation threshold below which no photoelectrons produced is more intense than radiation.

• The electron emission increases with increasing intensity radiation incident on the surface of the metal, because there is more energy available for free electrons.

In metals there are electrons moving more or less freely through the lattice, these electrons escape from the metal at normal temperatures that do not have enough power. A higher temperature produces more energy and movement, can release electrons (photoelectrons) by absorption by the metal of the electromagnetic radiation energy.

Description

Sea f the minimum energy for an electron to escape metal. If the electron absorbs energy E, the difference E- f, is the kinetic energy of electron emitted.

Einstein explained the characteristics of the photoelectric effect, assuming that each electron absorbing a quantum of radiation or photon. The energy of a photon is obtained by multiplying the constant h Planck the frequency n of electromagnetic radiation.

If the photon energy E is less than the starting power f , no photoelectric emission ca. Uma part of the photon's energy is used to separate the electron from the atom and the other party as kinetic energy to away.

Moreover, when the board S area is illuminated with a certain intensity I , absorbs energy in unit time proportional to IS , simply divide this energy between the amount h n to get the number of photons impinging on the plate in unit time. As each electron takes the energy emitted from a single photon, we conclude that the number of electrons emitted in unit time is proportional to the intensity of light illuminating the plate